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Phantom Lady

Ella Raines – out of the frying pan and into the fire

Ella Raines on set with Robert Siodmak
1944. Ella Raines on set with Robert Siodmak.

After a false start, Ella Raines’ career took off like a rocket. Over the course of eight years, from 1943 to 1950, she starred in 22 films and appeared twice on the cover of Life magazine.

Ella combined looks, talent and guts. Here’s an insight into her character from an interview in 1946.

I think really the toughest thing about this business is making your own decisions, and that you have to do. Lots of people will advise you, or try to, and you’ll hear so many different opinions that you finally realize nobody can advise you—that you have to learn to make your own decisions, and learn fast.

She’s best known for her role as Carol “Kansas” Richman in Phantom Lady (1944) which, as she herself pointed out, was really four roles in one film: the prim, efficient secretary; the woman in love; the pretend femme fatale in a provocatively tight black dress, fishnet stockings and heavy makeup; and the intelligent and resourceful amateur sleuth chasing down suspects.

Phantom Lady was the first of three films noirs she made with legendary director Robert Siodmak. Eddie Muller, founder and president of the Film Noir Foundation, spoke for many enthusiasts in admiring Ella Raines’ impressive talent within the genre.

My biggest regret is that Ella Raines was not better utilized in the noir era. She was so smart and sexy— a real Hawks dame in the Bacall mode— but she ended up playing mostly opposite leading men with little sex appeal: George Sanders, Charles Laughton, Brian Donlevy, Edmond O’Brien, George Raft. If she’d been trading one-liners with Dennis O’Keefe and Dan Duryea, she’d have a much more memorable screen persona.

Ella Raines by Ray Jones
1943. Ella Raines by Ray Jones.

But Ella was a versatile actress with a talent for comedy as well as drama.

She was ‘discovered’ by Howard Hawks, who also ‘discovered’ Lauren Bacall. Here’s how it happened according to an article in the December 1945 issue of Screenland. The year is 1942 and she’s 21 years old…

A friend of hers who’d learned of her illness at the same time he’d heard that Hollywood agent Charles K. Feldman was in town scouting for new talent, dispatched Mr. Feldman (properly impressed) up to the Plaza. Whereupon Mr. Feldman (still more impressed) met Miss Raines, borrowed two of her photographs and showed them to Charles Boyer and Howard Hawks who were then forming their million dollar B-H producing corporation back in Hollywood. The aforementioned gentlemen took one long look, the kind of look that comes out like a whistle, and sent a telegram. Would she like to sign a contract? She would. (Fanfare, bugles blowing.) So on February second, 1943, Ella arrived in Hollywood, February third she had a screen test. February fourth she started work on “Corvette K-225,” the picture Hawks was currently producing at Universal.

Corvette K-225 was held for release, so the public was unaware of Ella Raines, but news of her spread on the Hollywood grapevine. In the space of 12 months, MGM loaned her for Cry Havoc!. Paramount cast her to play the lead opposite Eddie Bracken in Hail the Conquering Hero. And Universal put her centre-stage in Phantom Lady.

Rather than a potted biography, here are a couple of incidents that illustrate Ella Raines’ not-so-straightforward journey to stardom, having decided at high school to become an actress.

Ella Raines – out of the frying pan

Well, not so much frying pan as oven…

The year before she went to Hollywood (1941), Ella’s acting career was almost over before it began. Another extract from that article in the December 1945 issue of Screenland…

She and Virginia Booker, an old friend who’d already achieved some success as a comedienne, took a bungalow at the beach, excitement running through them like quicksilver. A summer was a lifetime, there was no limit to the glories they could perform, today they had Fate in their hands — tomorrow the world! Until Fate decided that the fun had gone far enough. It was Labor Day and the girls were having some of the Little Theater gang up for dinner. Nothing elaborate, a simple throw-together meal. So simple that Virginia, “the cook of the family,” shooed Ella off to the beach.

Ella’d come home sand-gritty and dripping with sun tan oil, dying to get under a shower but also anxious to get he ham started. Impatiently, she lighted a match for the oven and ducked her lead down to make sure the flame had caught. A split second, and then torrents of pain. And through it all, nothing except the smell of flesh burning and the crackle of burnt hair. And her voice thin and hollow and insistent in the stillness.

The doctors said she’d die. Or be disfigured. Six months later she was back on the campus, eight months later the bandages came off and the campus was sure she’d be all right. Because Ella was calling herself “Curly” and she had no hair or brows or lashes. Because Ella was still determined to be an actress.

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Ella Raines modelling a black crepe dress from Saks Fifth Avenue

Ella Raines modelling a black crepe dress from Saks Fifth Avenue

1943. Ella Raines. Photographer unknown.

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Ella Raines wearing a peplum dress

Ella Raines wearing a peplum dress

1947. Ella Raines. Photographer unknown.

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Ella Raines in shirt and slacks

Ella Raines in shirt and slacks

1945. Ella Raines. Photo by Ray Jones.

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Ella Raines en déshabillé

Ella Raines en déshabillé

1946. Ella Raines. A caption on the back of another copy of this photo that appeared on eBay read:

STAR IN SWIMMING POOL MISHAP

With her green eyes, high cheek-bones and svelte figure, she had previously been elected one of the six most beautiful girls on the campus at the University of Washington. It must have taken a good deal of pluck and determination to face her college mates in such a state – qualities she would need to make it in Hollywood.

It was a hard thing to do but I was lucky. I soon found out those who liked me for my appearance and those who cared for me for what I really was.

Ella Raines – into the fire

In her first year at Hollywood, Ella found herself caught in the crossfire between a super-talented and super-sensitive director, Preston Sturges, and his strong-willed executive producer, Buddy DeSylva. Here’s how Diane Jacobs describes what happened in The Life and Art of Preston Sturges…

To play Libby in Hail the Conquering Hero, Sturges picked a dark-haired ingénue, Ella Raines, who’d just made her film debut at Universal. Sturges discovered her at a casting call. … Buddy DeSylva from the start was wary about Ella Raines. So DeSylva reluctantly let Preston cast this new actress.

Then, the early rushes came in and Ella Raines looked stiff and fearful. She herself realized she was not doing her best. It was her first leading role, her first time off the Universal lot. She wasn’t long out of college and she “simply froze,” she recalls. “The first scenes for me came out awful.”

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Ella Raines publicity shot for Phantom Lady

Ella Raines – publicity shot for Phantom Lady

1944. Ella Raines. Photo by Ray Jones.

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Ella Raines with roses in her hair

Ella Raines with roses in her hair

1943. Ella Raines. Photographer unknown.

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Ella Raines publicity shot for The Suspect

Ella Raines – publicity shot for The Suspect

1944. Ella Raines. Photographer unknown.

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Ella Raines in a wool sweater

Ella Raines in a wool sweater

1947. Ella Raines. Photo by Ray Jones.

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Ella Raines with a pearl necklace

Ella Raines with a pearl necklace

1943. Ella Raines. Photo by Ray Jones.

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Ella Raines with a pearl necklace

Ella Raines with a pearl necklace

1943. Ella Raines. Photo by Ray Jones.

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Ella Raines in a wool sweater

Ella Raines in a wool sweater

1947. Ella Raines. Photo by Ray Jones.

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Ella Raines in a striped top

Ella Raines in a striped top

1946. Ella Raines. Photo by Ray Jones.

This time, it was not Buddy DeSylva, but Henry Ginsburg, an executive known as Paramount’s “Hatchet Man,” who confronted Sturges. By the fourth day of shooting, Ginsberg was not only insisting that Ella Raines leave the cast, he had himself appointed a Paramount contract player to replace her. Sturges was furious. Just before lunch, he came up to Ella, explained Ginsberg’s position, and promised that he would refuse under any conditions to capitulate. “Don’t worry,” he said, when Ella burst into tears. “I will not continue with this picture without you.” He then went off to Ginsburg’s office to talk. Whatever these two men said that day was so traumatic that it in effect ended Preston’s career at Paramount. More than Ella was at stake, a friend of Preston’s recalls. Firing his star was a personal affront to Preston, one that he would not tolerate, He won his point; Ella Raines stayed on.

And I bet that wasn’t the first or the last time a director and producer clashed like that.

But Ella came through, the reviews were favourable and she went on to make another 18 films before decamping to England in 1950 to join her husband, Robin Olds.

Want to know more about Ella Raines?

There are brief biographies of Ella Raines at wikipedia and IMDb and an interview with her daughter, Christina Olds, by Letícia Magalhães. There’s also an obituary in The New York Times. The most helpful account of her life I’ve come across, though, is in Femme Noir – Bad Girls of Film by Karen Burroughs Hansberry.

Ella Raines was the subject of four articles in Screenland and you can find them at the Media History Digital Library. I’ve transcribed the one I found most engaging and illustrated it with photos from my archive. Its called Girl With A Glint.

Other topics you may be interested in…

Dusty Anderson as Sandra in The Phantom Thief
Dusty Anderson – the life of a starlet
Ella Raines – out of the frying pan and into the fire
Jinx Falkenburg poses outdoors
Jinx Falkenburg – all-American girl

Filed Under: Stars Tagged With: Charles Boyer, Ella Raines, Howard Hawks, Phantom Lady, Preston Sturges, Robert Siodmak

Ella Raines – gal with a glint

Ella Raines with Shirley Brenden
1933. Ella Raines (right) with high-school friend, Shirley Brendan. Read more.

Miriam Alberta Ghidalia interviewed Ella Raines for the December 1945 issue of Screenland.

Of all the articles I found at the Media History Digital Library, it’s the most engagingly written. Here’s a transcript, illustrated with different photos from my collection…

Gal With A Glint

It all happened very quickly. Yards of swift, strong ice ‘flying under her skates and then suddenly, a gaping mass of swirling grey water looming up at her. “Oh Lord,” she thought, “oh Lord, I’m going too fast, I can’t stop, I can’t stop!” when magically, there was a hand grabbing her arm and swinging her over to solid land, and she was crouching on the old log, hugging herself close and sobbing.

“How was I to know the ice wasn’t solid at Mulvaney’s?”

“You’d think that after anybody’d lived at Snoqualmie Falls for all of their fourteen years, they’d know by now that the north side doesn’t freeze till after Christmas!” Ken’s voice was gruff and deep with his vast three-years-older superiority.

“Were you scared I was gonna drown, Kenny?”

“That’s a dumb question!”

And all of a sudden, fiercer than cold pain or dentist pain, it raced through her. “Why, we’re in love! Why—I’m going to marry the boy!”

the kids grew up …

Ten years have passed since the “affair of the skating pond rescue” and the girl with the green eyes has grown up into Ella Raines, Hollywood citizen and star. And Kenny? He’s now Kenneth Trout, (formerly known as Major Kenneth Trout, U. S. Army Air Corps), holder of the Distinguished Flying Cross, the Air Medal, a Presidential Citation, and the very firm conviction that his wife’s terrific but that really “it was so hard to be dignified with the men serving under you when they had pin-up art of your wife plastered all over the barracks!”

Because, you see, Ella Raines’ one-track mind finally made its destination—she really married the boy!

And to no one’s complete surprise. Snoqualmie Falls, Washington (pop. 752; location: 29 miles southeast of Seattle), always figured that some day Kenny Trout, who had a fine purple hatred of clinging vine girls, and pert Ella Raines would “get together.” Because it was common knowledge that when Ella’s dad got used to the idea of his first-born being a girl, he decided to ease his disappointment by giving her as many of the “manly” virtues as possible. So by the time little Ella was five, she was a swimming champ, and in another five years was joining her father in “roughing” trips to the Cascades where they hunted and fished, skied and climbed mountains, loafed and had long talks by flickering firesides or over sizzling barbecues. To this day Ella prefers the simple life, reading her beloved Shakespeare or George Bernard Shaw, composing sad, wild music on the baby grand piano she bought herself with her first movie pay-check, walking high in the Hollywood Hills where there’s no one to talk “shop” at her or babble of studio gossip.

Ella Raines the year she arrived in Hollywood
1943. Ella Raines, the year she arrived in Hollywood.

“I used to go in for flurry and bustle,” she recalls, “until I was about eight. Then Things Happened.” It was right around Christmas and there was that certain feeling in the air, that feeling that transforms all little girls into demons and all adults into avenging deities—with hair-brushes. First there was Miss Daniels’ piano recital where Ella, glowing in black patent leather and pink organdie, acknowledged the applause and head noddings of various parents, announced, “And now I will play ‘The Happy Farmer’,” spread out her fat little skirts over the piano stool—and promptly gave out with some very fine boogie-woogie! That would have been forgiven eventually, even coming as it did two days after she stuck bubble gum on the seat of the 3rd grade teacher who’d flunked her in arithmetic, but when on Christmas Eve, she interrupted the hymn singing because she spied Santa sneaking in through the vestibule—with Daddy’s pants’ legs hanging out over his red flannel suit, well . . .

She was still in high school when she made up her mind about Kenny, about becoming an actress. Mr. and Mrs. Raines couldn’t see it her way. She was too young to know her own mind, the glamor was blinding her, if she went out with other boys— So, ever obliging, Ella bought a car, a ‘29 coupe with blue lights and a lethal exhaust, boned up on her studies, and attended all the local dances where she invoked the undying hatred of all the girls and the oyster-eyed adoration of all the boys.

“I suppose I was the belle of the ball,” she reasons, “because in those days fellows were always looking for laughs.” But it wouldn’t work. Kenny still had the inside track on her heart, theater on her head. And by now she was a woman, wonderfully beautiful in her strong-boned, vital way. Lush-mouthed, hair almost black, almost straight, her cheekbones high and slanty, her nose pert and unbelievable with its tilt, its zany curve. She enrolled at the University of Washington partly because it was near home, mostly because it had such a fine dramatics department. The folks still hadn’t understood or condoned when they finally consented one evening to come see her act “in a real show, ‘Spring Dance,’ “but when they saw her come onstage, with that free-swinging purr of a walk, her head high and her eyes glowing with fulfillment, they gave in—Ella was an actress. Couldn’t figure out where she got it from, no Raines ever had been one before, but they’d seen her eyes tonight. She was an actress, all right, no doubt about it. So God bless her.

In her sophomore year Ella won five scholarships and opportunity gave its first timid knock. Would Miss Raines be interested in a screen test at Warner Brothers? They’d pay her fare both ways, if necessary (but with Miss Raines’ talent, beauty, wit, etc., surely the return ticket was money thrown out the window? ha-ha-ha . . .) and give her all the time she’d need to get used to Hollywood and movie making before her test came up.

Two weeks later she was at the studio.

“Good morning, I just arrived. I’m Ella Raines.” (Fanfare, bugles blowing.)

“Oh, good morning, Miss Raines. We’ve been expecting you. (Ha! and everybody warned me about the brush-off system!) Have you had lunch, Miss Raines?” “Why, n-yes. Yes, I have. Y’see, I . . .”

“Splendid, splendid. Would you go to makeup then, Miss Raines?”

“But I was told I’d be given time to prepare; why, I just got in on the 10:10!”

“Time? Oh. Oh, yes. Well, tomorrow morning then, Miss Raines. At eight.”

durante doldrums…

A month later Ella had her test, a you-all, magnolia-blossoms-in-the-moonlight opus with long blonde curls and a powder base that by contrast would’ve made Camille look like an outfielder.

Ella Raines in an eye-popping evening gown
1944. Portrait of Ella Raines. Photo attributed to Ray Jones.

It was her original fairy godfather, Talent Scout Smith, who approached her with the verdict.

“Before I say anything, uh—definite—may I say on behalf of the studio and uh—myself, that we feel you have uh—pronounced—possibilities.”

“Thank you, oh thank you, Mr. Smith. Why, I’m so hap . . .”

“But we also feel that the camera, regardless of the tremendous advances made during the past twenty years, is nevertheless a still imperfect instrument . . .”

“That’s interesting, very interesting, Mr. Smith. But about my, uh—possibilities . . .”

“—so we, that is the studio, and myself, would like to suggest that—”

Her heart wasn’t in it but that night Ella was telegraphing home:

STUDIO SUGGESTS I’D BE GENIUS WITH NOSE REMODELED. STUDIO SUGGESTS CAMERA IS IMPERFECT THEREFORE DOES PECULIAR THINGS TO MINE. SHALL I UNDERGO PLASTIC SURGERY? LOVE ELLA

The reply came almost immediately:

DON’T BE RIDICULOUS. WAIT UNTIL CAMERA UNDERGOES PLASTIC SURGERY! LOVE DAD

The folks were waiting to meet her at the station when she returned home, Mom and Dad peering into train windows and vaguely waving; Kenny, off to one side a bit, standing tall and awkward in the evening shadows. She kissed them all, grateful because they were there and home felt good again and Kenny’s kiss had been anything but awkward. He took her to a movie that evening, after Mom had shooed them away from the dishes in the sink, and later they went dancing. They were riding home when:

“Didja have fun, Elly out there?” he asked, his voice wobbly.”

“Course I had fun, Ken. Dates, night clubs, orchids every night and—Oh, Kenny,” she wailed, “I’m such a failure!”

“All right, Elly, cry it out. Sh-sh, everything’ll be all right. You’ll graduate and then you’ll marry me and we’ll- “.

“But I don’t want to marry you and—oh no, Kenny, that isn’t what I mean. I mean . . .”

“I know, darling. You mean you like ten-minute eggs and I like three-minute eggs and you’re scared we won’t get along. But it’s still all right, Elly. Marriage is a compromise, y’know and we’ll just have to make sacrifices.” He sighed, squaring his shoulders decisively. “We’ll just have to eat six-and-a-half minute eggs! Okay?”

“Oh you dope, you beautiful, elegant dope—of course, okay!”

Ella’s no Pollyanna, but also, she’s no dope. So after she took time off to cry her ego back into shape, she went hack to school, all the more determined to become an actress. She concentrated, got to know the technique of acting instead of depending on her smile, her walk, her trick of flinging her hair back and smouldering through a role. By now Dad was just as enthused over her career as she and so pleased with her progress—in her Junior year now, she won seven more scholarships and had been elected Navy Queen and one of the U’s Cinderella Girls, meaning one of the six most attractive, talented, popular and etcetera girls on the campus—that he decided to stake her to a summer in Hollywood.

narrow escape…

She and Virginia Booker, an old friend who’d already achieved some success as a comedienne, took a bungalow at the beach, excitement running through them like quicksilver. A summer was a lifetime, there was no limit to the glories they could perform, today they had Fate in their hands — tomorrow the world! Until Fate decided that the fun had gone far enough. It was Labor Day and the girls were having some of the Little Theater gang up for dinner. Nothing elaborate, a simple throw-together meal. So simple that Virginia, “the cook of the family,” shooed Ella off to the beach. “In the first place,” she said, “you could use a darker tan. In the second place, you’ve got three pages of script to memorize before tomorrow night’s show. And in the third place, you’d be of as much help in the kitchen as a thirty-nine pound midget. I’ve got to run downtown for a few hours so prepare all the fixin’s and all you’ll have to do is pop the ham in the oven. So scat, you gift to the theater, you!”

To this day, nobody knows how it happened. Ella’d come home sand-gritty and dripping with sun tan oil, dying to get under a shower but also anxious to get he ham started. Impatiently, she lighted a match for the oven and ducked her lead down to make sure the flame had caught. A split second, and then torrents of pain. And through it all, nothing except the smell of flesh burning and the crackle of burnt hair. And her voice thin and hollow and insistent in the stillness.

a quick come-back…

The doctors said she’d die. Or be disfigured. Six months later she was back on he campus, eight months later the bandages came off and the campus was sure she’d be all right. Because Ella was calling herself “Curly” and she had no hair or brows or lashes. Because Ella was still determined to be an actress.

She was in her dorm room the night before graduation when the telegram came:

THINK I AM BEING SHIPPED OVERSEAS. CAN YOU FLY? CAN YOU MARRY ME TOMORROW? LOVE KEN

She flew. She married him tomorrow. So she wouldn’t get her diploma, so what! “You only live once—so love while you can,” is Ella’s motto. Maybe it was the war—but after being with him for ten years she felt her mind was made up. They had only two days in which to prepare but the wedding was done up brown with 150 formal announcements sent out and orchids and rice and people crying and a three-line notice in the local Palm Beach paper.

But with Ken shipped overseas, Ella was restless, uneasy. Until Dad decided to reveal his plan: He was sending her off to New York—all expenses paid—with his blessings on a stage career.

Ella Raines reclining in a sparkly evening gown
1945. Ella Raines. Come and get me, boys.

So Ella wiped a tear from her eye, pocketed her nest egg, and made for New York—where she promptly entrenched herself at the ultra-swank Plaza Hotel! “Front,” she decided, “is what makes the actress—go places. And I’ll put up a front if I have to starve doing it!”

But Ella had no sooner decided on one course of action when Fate got puckish and started playing tricks again. Because instead of sticking it out at the Plaza with a box of crackers for the next year, Ella landed a bit part in that hit of hits “Oklahoma!” within three weeks of her arrival East—and immediately took to her bed with a severe attack of ptomaine!

But the Lord giveth and the Lord taketh away: A friend of hers who’d learned of her illness at the same time he’d heard that Hollywood agent Charles K. Feldman was in town scouting for new talent, dispatched Mr. Feldman (properly impressed) up to the Plaza. Whereupon Mr. Feldman (still more impressed) met Miss Raines, borrowed two of her photographs and showed them to Charles Boyer and Howard Hawks who were then forming their million dollar B-H producing corporation back in Hollywood. The aforementioned gentlemen took one long look, the kind of look that comes out like a whistle, and sent a telegram. Would she like to sign a contract? She would. (Fanfare, bugles blowing.) So on February second, 1943, Ella arrived in Hollywood, February third she had a screen test. February fourth she started work on “Corvette K-225,” the picture Hawks was currently producing at Universal.

A few months later, Universal couldn’t take it. They pled, threatened, cajoled, until the B-H corporation saw the light and sold them Ella’s contract outright. All this (she’d already played in M-G-M’s “Cry Havoc” and the leads in Paramount’s “Hail The Conquering Hero” and “Phantom Lady” with Franchot Tone)—and “Corvette” hadn’t even been released yet!

And now with “Tall In The Saddle,” “The Suspect” and “Enter Arsene Lupin” playing the neighborhood movies, Ella’s just finished “Uncle Harry,” the show which Eva Le Gallienne made so memorable on Broadway and which those who’ve seen the movie version vow marks Ella’s final leap to stardom.

But not even stardom can change the girl. Before Ken was out of the Army she lived with him in a tiny bungalow down in Miami, along with the other Army wives, living in suits and slacks, breaking up over Hope’s radio shows and anything with Bergen, showing off her Major’s decorations till he was red with embarrassment, trying to look penitent when he scolded her for feeding their cocker spaniel, Major Nugget, at the table. Nugget died a few weeks ago, which nearly broke her heart.

Now that Ken is out of the Army, they live in their own, more comfortable home, in Beverly Hills.

Divorce rumors spread through Hollywood after his return, but you can be certain she won’t do anything in a hurry. Neither of them will give up without trying everything, but if it does happen, you can’t blame Hollywood; it would have happened if they were just Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth Trout of Snoqualmie Falls.

No, stardom can’t change the girl with the warm, wide smile and loping stride. The girl upon whom the GIs bestowed one of their most unique titles, “The Lady With The Lamps.” Otherwise known as the girl with the glint.

Other topics you may be interested in…

Hazel Brooks swathed in ostrich feathers
Hazel Brooks – the million dollar gamble
Marguerite Chapman – a real trooper
Martha Vickers reclines in a lamé dress
Martha Vickers – a good bet for stardom

Filed Under: Stars Tagged With: Charles Boyer, Corvette K-225, Ella Raines, Enter Arsene Lupin, Hail The Conquering Hero, Howard Hawks, Phantom Lady, Tall In The Saddle, The Suspect, Uncle Harry

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